// This file is part of the happyDomain (R) project.
// Copyright (c) 2020-2026 happyDomain
// Authors: Pierre-Olivier Mercier, et al.

package checker

import (
	"context"
	"strings"

	sdk "git.happydns.org/checker-sdk-go/checker"
)

// HeaderResult is one observation produced by a HeaderRuleSpec callback.
// Suffix is appended to spec.Code (with a dot separator) to form the
// final CheckState code, e.g. "http.hsts" + "short_max_age" →
// "http.hsts.short_max_age". An empty Suffix uses spec.Code verbatim.
type HeaderResult struct {
	Status  sdk.Status
	Suffix  string
	Message string
	Meta    map[string]any
}

// HeaderRuleSpec declares a per-HTTPS-probe rule built around a single
// response header. It supersedes the per-rule Evaluate boilerplate that
// every "load HTTPData → iterate successful HTTPS probes → inspect one
// header → emit one CheckState" rule used to repeat.
//
// Three callbacks cover the spectrum, from simplest to most expressive:
//
//   - Validate: the header is present and a single boolean verdict is
//     enough. Returns (Status, message); the rule emits ".ok" on
//     StatusOK or ".invalid" otherwise. Used by the modern privacy
//     headers (Referrer-Policy, COOP/COEP/CORP, Permissions-Policy).
//
//   - Inspect: the header is present and may produce any number of
//     findings with arbitrary suffixes. Used by HSTS (".short_max_age"),
//     CSP (".unsafe_inline" / ".wildcard_script_src" / …) and the
//     legacy X-XSS-Protection rule which reports custom suffixes
//     (".disabled", ".enabled").
//
//   - OnMissing: the header is absent and the default ".missing"
//     emitter is wrong — either an alternative satisfies the
//     requirement (CSP frame-ancestors standing in for X-Frame-Options),
//     or absence has non-default severity (X-XSS-Protection emits
//     Info ".absent", not Warn ".missing"), or the severity depends
//     on a CheckerOption (HSTS/CSP gate "missing" on a configurable
//     "required" flag).
//
// Validate and Inspect are mutually exclusive. OnMissing can be combined
// with either. Specs that omit all three behave as a pure presence check
// (".ok" when set, default ".missing" when not).
type HeaderRuleSpec struct {
	Code        string
	Description string
	Header      string

	// Required toggles the severity of the default ".missing" emitter
	// (Warn when true, Info when false). Ignored when OnMissing is set.
	Required bool

	// FixHint, when set, populates Meta.fix on the default ".missing"
	// emitter. Ignored when OnMissing is set (callbacks must build
	// their own Meta).
	FixHint string

	Validate  func(value string) (sdk.Status, string)
	Inspect   func(value string, p HTTPProbe, opts sdk.CheckerOptions) []HeaderResult
	OnMissing func(p HTTPProbe, opts sdk.CheckerOptions) []HeaderResult
}

// HeaderRule constructs a self-contained sdk.CheckRule from a spec.
// Intended to be wired in init() via RegisterRule.
func HeaderRule(spec HeaderRuleSpec) sdk.CheckRule {
	if spec.Validate != nil && spec.Inspect != nil {
		panic("checker: HeaderRuleSpec " + spec.Code + " sets both Validate and Inspect")
	}
	return &headerRule{spec: spec}
}

type headerRule struct{ spec HeaderRuleSpec }

func (r *headerRule) Name() string        { return r.spec.Code }
func (r *headerRule) Description() string { return r.spec.Description }

func (r *headerRule) Evaluate(ctx context.Context, obs sdk.ObservationGetter, opts sdk.CheckerOptions) []sdk.CheckState {
	data, errSt := loadHTTPData(ctx, obs)
	if errSt != nil {
		return []sdk.CheckState{*errSt}
	}
	probes := successfulHTTPSProbes(data.Probes)
	if len(probes) == 0 {
		return []sdk.CheckState{unknownState(r.spec.Code+".no_https", "No successful HTTPS probe to evaluate.")}
	}
	headerKey := strings.ToLower(r.spec.Header)

	out := make([]sdk.CheckState, 0, len(probes))
	for _, p := range probes {
		for _, res := range r.evaluateProbe(p, opts, headerKey) {
			out = append(out, r.toCheckState(p, res))
		}
	}
	return out
}

func (r *headerRule) evaluateProbe(p HTTPProbe, opts sdk.CheckerOptions, headerKey string) []HeaderResult {
	v := strings.TrimSpace(p.Headers[headerKey])
	if v == "" {
		if r.spec.OnMissing != nil {
			return ensureNonEmpty(r.spec.OnMissing(p, opts), r.defaultPresent())
		}
		return []HeaderResult{r.defaultMissing()}
	}
	switch {
	case r.spec.Inspect != nil:
		return ensureNonEmpty(r.spec.Inspect(v, p, opts), r.defaultPresent())
	case r.spec.Validate != nil:
		status, msg := r.spec.Validate(v)
		suffix := "invalid"
		if status == sdk.StatusOK {
			suffix = "ok"
		}
		return []HeaderResult{{Status: status, Suffix: suffix, Message: msg}}
	default:
		return []HeaderResult{r.defaultPresent()}
	}
}

func (r *headerRule) defaultMissing() HeaderResult {
	status := sdk.StatusInfo
	if r.spec.Required {
		status = sdk.StatusWarn
	}
	res := HeaderResult{
		Status:  status,
		Suffix:  "missing",
		Message: r.spec.Header + " is not set.",
	}
	if r.spec.FixHint != "" {
		res.Meta = map[string]any{"fix": r.spec.FixHint}
	}
	return res
}

func (r *headerRule) defaultPresent() HeaderResult {
	return HeaderResult{
		Status:  sdk.StatusOK,
		Suffix:  "ok",
		Message: r.spec.Header + " is set.",
	}
}

func (r *headerRule) toCheckState(p HTTPProbe, res HeaderResult) sdk.CheckState {
	code := r.spec.Code
	if res.Suffix != "" {
		code = code + "." + res.Suffix
	}
	return sdk.CheckState{
		Status:  res.Status,
		Code:    code,
		Subject: p.Address,
		Message: res.Message,
		Meta:    res.Meta,
	}
}

func ensureNonEmpty(results []HeaderResult, fallback HeaderResult) []HeaderResult {
	if len(results) == 0 {
		return []HeaderResult{fallback}
	}
	return results
}